Appropriate public health responses have yet to be developed. Few studies have focused on GHB overdose. Conclusion: These results emphasize the need for awareness among clinicians and recreational users to minimize negative health consequences of recreational GHB use, particularly when high doses are used and GHB-induced comas occur.īackground Gamma-hydroxybutyrate (GHB) overdose is an important concern in the Netherlands and Flanders, Belgium and accounts for most overdoses reported by emergency services.

However, it supports the view that moderate GHB use may result in acute short-term cognitive impairments, whereas regular high-dose GHB use and/or multiple GHB-induced comas are probably neurotoxic resulting in long-term residual cognitive impairments. This systematic review found no indication for cognitive impairments after clinical GHB use. Results: A total of 43 reports covering human and animal data on GHB-induced cognitive impairments were eligible and reviewed. This review is conducted using the PRISMA protocol. Methods: PubMed and PsychINFO were searched for literature data about the acute and residual cognitive deficits following GHB use. This paper systematically reviews possible cognitive impairments due to clinical and recreational GHB use. At high doses, GHB may lead to a comatose state.

Most clinical and recreational users regard GHB as an innocent drug devoid of adverse effects, despite its high dependence potential and possible neurotoxic effects. Background: GHB (gamma-hydroxybutyric acid sodium oxybate) is a general anaesthetic that is clinically used for the treatment of narcolepsy, cataplexy, alcohol withdrawal and alcohol relapse prevention.

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